Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee Meeting 22-23 Feb 썛
Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee Meeting 22-23 Feb 2011

International Yr of Astronomy (NASA, Chandra, 2/ten/09)


Picture by NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center
Messier 101 (M101) is a experience-on spiral galaxy about 22 million light a long time absent in the constellation Ursa Key. It is related to the Milky Way galaxy in several approaches, but is more substantial. The new "Great Observatories" composite picture of M101 was distributed to over one hundred planetariums, museums, nature centers, and colleges across the nation in conjunction with Galileo’s birthday on February 15. The year 2009 marks the 400th anniversary of Galileo’s telescope and has been designated the Global Year of Astronomy to celebrate this historic anniversary.

This picture of the spiral galaxy Messier 101 (M1ǡ) is a composite of information from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory, the Hubble Area Telescope, and the Spitzer Area Telescope. The colors correspond to the following wavelengths: The X-rays detected by Chandra are colored blue. Sources of X-rays involve million-diploma gasoline, the debris from exploded stars, and material zooming close to black holes and neutron stars. The red shade exhibits Spitzer’s watch in infrared light. It highlights the warmth emitted by dust lanes in the galaxy where by stars can kind. Lastly, the yellow coloring is visible light information from Hubble. Most of this light arrives from stars, and they trace the very same spiral framework as the dust lanes.

Image credit:
X-ray: NASA/CXC/JHU/K.Kuntz et al.; Optical: NASA/ESA/STScI/JHU/K. Kuntz et al; IR: NASA/JPL-Caltech/STScI/K. Gordon

Find out more:
www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/information/H-09-ዚ.html

p.s. You can see all of our Chandra pictures in the Chandra Group in Flickr at: www.flickr.com/groups/chandranasa/ We’d appreciate to have you as a member!

Astronomy For Novices


Picture by AndyRob
Astronomy For Novices

A blog page to indulge two biggest interests – amateur astronomy and the internet.

Comet Facts

Fact1: A comet is a conglomerate of particles bound collectively by ice (not automatically H2O h2o ice, it could be dry ice (CO2), for illustration)

Fact2: When a comet methods the sun the ice melts and releases the particles from the primary system.

Fact3: The tail of a comet often points away from the sun.

As the photograph beneath shows, there are in actuality two tails, both curved, and they are 30 MILLION kilometres very long. That’s a whole lot of great particles. The concept is that the solar wind is accountable for the blue fuel and gravity by yourself for the bigger particles.

Far more fascinating cosmological details will unfold at Astronomy For Newcomers

Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory


Image by Jonathan Herbert
This is the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory, this was captured at sunset and then photmatrix was made use of to provide out the specifics of the highlights and then pushed as a result of a b\w filter to get the b\w impact. This is my initially attempt at a b/w photo.

See Substantial

View On Black

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Here’s the press release from the ESO:

“We have found what is most likely the program with the most planets yet found,â€� claims Christophe Lovis, lead author on the paper reporting the end result. “This remarkable discovery also highlights the reality that we are now entering a new era in exoplanet investigation: the study of complicated planetary methods and not just of person planets. Studies of planetary motions in the new method reveal intricate gravitational interactions among the planets and give us insights into the long-term evolution on the method.”

The team of astronomers utilized the HARPS spectrograph, attached to ESO’s three.6-metre telescope at La Silla, Chile, for a six-year-long analyze in the Sun-like take the leading role HD 10180, situated 127 light-years away within the southern constellation of Hydrus (the Male Water Snake).
HARPS is an instrument with unrivalled measurement stability and great precision and may be the world�s most successful exoplanet hunter.

Thanks towards the 190 person HARPS measurements, the astronomers detected the tiny back and forth motions of the take the leading role caused from the complicated gravitational attractions from 5 or far more planets. The five strongest signals correspond to planets with Neptune-like masses — involving 13 and 25 Earth masses �” which orbit the superstar with periods ranging from about 6 to 600 days. These planets are found involving .06 and 1.4 times the Earth–Sun distance from their central take the leading role.

“We also have fine factors to believe that two other planets are present,” says Lovis. One can be a Saturn-like planet (that has a minimum mass of 65 Earth masses) orbiting in񎪘 days. The other could be the least substantial exoplanet ever identified, with a mass of about 1.4 times that from the Earth. It’s really close to its host take the leading role, at just 2 percent of the Earth–Sun distance. A single “year” on this planet would last only 1.18 Earth-days.

“This object causes a wobble of its star of only about 3 km/hour— slower than walking speed — and this motion is really difficult to measure,” says group member Damien Ségransan. If confirmed, this object could well be an additional example of the hot rocky planet, comparable to Corot-7b (a href=”http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0933/”>eso0933).

The newly found out method of planets all around HD 10180 is distinctive in various respects. 1st of all, with no less than five Neptune-like planets lying within a range equivalent for the orbit of Mars, this method is much more populated than our Solar Technique in its inner region, and has many additional huge planets there. Furthermore, the program almost certainly has no Jupiter-like gas giant. In addition, all the planets appear to have virtually circular orbits.

So far, astronomers know of fifteen methods with a minimum of 3 planets. The last record-holder was 55 Cancri, which contains five planets, two of them getting giant planets. “Systems of low-mass planets like the one particular all-around HD 10180 appear to be really frequent, but their formation history remains a puzzle,” says Lovis.

Applying the new discovery too as information for other planetary systems, the astronomers found an equivalent with the Titiusâ€�Bode law that exists in our Solar System: the distances on the planets from their take the leading role appear to follow a frequent pattern. “This could possibly be a signature with the formation course of action of these planetary systems,” states team member Michel Mayor.

An additional critical result uncovered from the astronomers whilst studying these devices is that there can be a relationship among the mass of a planetary program and the mass and chemical content of its host movie star. All extremely substantial planetary techniques are observed all-around huge and metal-rich stars, even though the four lowest-mass systems are found approximately lower-mass and metal-poor stars. Such properties confirm present theoretical models.

The discovery is announced nowadays in the international colloquium “Detection and dynamics of transiting exoplanets”, in the Observatoire de Haute-Provence, France.

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How frequent is such an event we really don’t know. We’ve observed 16 so far. The original companion planets from the stars may well be on their way out on the galaxy, also, but because they are not shiny we never see them. They aren’t nonetheless circling their star, that is for specific. They all may perhaps eventually be captured, but it won’t be in this galaxy. They’re outta here.

Theorized in 1988 and found out in 2005, not a lot yet is identified about HVS. So far, the theory runs that there may well be as several as 1,000 of them inside Milky Way Galaxy. Thinking about you can find 100 billion stars inside Milky Way, that’s not a entire great deal. Still, they confident aren’t hanging close to waiting for us to take their picture. We could possibly be acquiring new ones all of the time.

Some scientists believe our HVS could possibly be stars our galaxy originally captured from an orbiting dwarf galaxy which got as well close. Some neutron stars are inferred to be at high velocity, but that is the result of an asymmetrical supernova. Not just did it supernova, it supernovaed messily. An example of that will be the neutron star RX J0822-4300, which moves at .5% of light rate, or about 1500 km/s. That speed doesn’t grab you? The 125X1400mm shell fired out of a tank travels at about 1700 m/s. Or about 6120 km/h. Hmmm, which is kilometers per second vs kilometers per hour. These puppies are not wasting time.

The first HVS discovered is SDSS J090744.99 024506.8. Its “other” name is the Outcast Star. I never know which is worse. 1 factor is for certain; you can find a great deal of strange, strange issues in the universe. Some of them in our own back yard.

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The Chandra press release:

A stunning new image of two colliding galaxies has been released by NASA’s Good Observatories. The Antennae galaxies, located about 62 million light years from Earth, are shown in this composite graphic from the Chandra X-ray Observatory (blue), the Hubble Space Telescope (gold), along with the Spitzer Space Telescope (red).

The collision, which began more than 100 million years ago and is still occurring, has triggered the formation of millions of stars in clouds of dusts and gas inside the galaxies. The most massive of these young stars have already sped via their evolution in a few million many years and exploded as supernovas.

The X-ray picture from Chandra shows massive clouds of hot, interstellar gas that have been injected with rich deposits of elements from supernova explosions. This enriched gas, which includes elements such as oxygen, iron, magnesium and silicon, will be incorporated into new generations of stars and planets. The bright, point-like sources in the graphic are produced by material falling onto black holes and neutron stars that happen to be remnants on the massive stars. Some of these black holes may have masses that happen to be nearly one hundred times that from the Sun.

The Spitzer data show infrared light from warm dust clouds that have been heated by newborn stars, with the brightest clouds lying in the overlap region between the two galaxies. The Hubble information reveal old stars in red, filaments of dust in brown and star-forming regions in yellow and white. Numerous in the fainter objects within the optical graphic are clusters containing thousands of stars.

The Antennae galaxies take their name from the long antenna-like “arms,” seen in wide-angle views in the system. These functions were produced by tidal forces generated from the collision.

Credits: X-ray: NASA/CXC/SAO/J.DePasquale; IR: NASA/JPL-Caltech; Optical: NASA/STScI

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Dark filaments of oil are observed approaching the shores of Blind Bay and Redfish Bay at the eastern edge on the Mississippi River delta, and also nearing Garden Island Bay and East Bay farther towards south. These areas are house to several varieties of fish. To the north, the arc-shaped pattern of land and runoff is associated with the Chandeleur Islands, which are part of the Breton National Wildlife Refuge. This refuge is the second oldest inside the United States and can be a habitat for dozens of seabird, shorebird and waterfowl species. Oil is reported to have reached the islands on May possibly 6. Eighteen days later, this image shows filaments of oil crossing the island barrier — which had been heavily eroded by Hurricane Katrina in 2005 — and entering the Breton and Chandeleur Sounds.

The left-hand image contains information from MISR’s vertical-viewing camera. It is shown in near-true color, except that data in the instrument’s near-infrared band, where vegetation appears bright, have been blended using the instrument’s green band to enhance the appearance of vegetation.

The Mississippi River delta is located below the picture center. The slick is observed approaching the delta from the lower suitable, and filaments of oil are also apparent farther for the north (towards the top). The oil is made visible by sun reflecting off the sea surface at the same angle from which the instrument is viewing it, a phenomenon known as sunglint. Oil makes the surface look brighter under these viewing conditions than it would if no oil were present. Even so, other factors can also cause enhanced glint, for example reduced surface wind speed. To separate glint patterns caused by oil from these other factors, additional information from MISR’s cameras is employed inside the right-hand image.

Previous MISR imagery in the spill shows that the contrast of the oil against the surroundings is enhanced by using a combination of vertical views and oblique-angle views. The right-hand panel was constructed by combining data from various MISR channels. In this false-color view, oil appears in shades of inky blue to black; silt-laden water as a result of runoff in the Mississippi River shows up as orange, red and violet; and land and clouds appear in shades of cyan.

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NASA’s MODIS web site captures some intriguing images from the Earth; this 1 is 1 of my recent favorites through the TERRA satellite.

The caption through the MODIS site (you are able to get diverse sizes of this image), explore it too they have lots of great stuff:

Creating a striking design which looks a bit like a serpent swimming through clouds, curling patterns of eddies are formed as air flows close to and over the island of Tristan de Cunha inside the South Atlantic. This image was captured by MODIS on the Terra satellite on July 14, 2010.

The island can be witnessed as a small circle of green at the far left of the image, at the tip of a dark blue triangle of ocean. To the southeast a string of ocean-blue circles are surrounded by rings of bright white cloud, illustrating the symmetric and swirling pattern of airflow on the leeward side on the island. These spiraling cloud patterns, caused when prevailing ocean winds encounter an island, are known as von Karman vortices or “vortex streets”.

Just like the swirls that will be observed within the wake of airplane wings, these vortex streets result through the separation of flow around an immobile body – in this case the island – causing neighboring areas of flow to circulate in alternating clockwise and counter-clockwise directions.

House to about 275 folks, Tristan de Cunha is considered to be the most remote inhabited island from the world, lying 2,816 km (1,750 mi) from South Africa, the nearest land, and 3,360 km (1,510 mi) from South America. The landmass is very little, measuring 6 m (10 miles) wide, with a total area of 38 sq. m (98 sq. km). Even so, the terrain is incredibly steep. Queen Mary’s Peak, an active volcano, rises to 2,062 m (6,765 feet) above sea level.

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The word ‘photograph’ was coined by Sir John Herschel in 1839. It really is a combination of two Greek words ‘phos’ and ‘graphé’. Together both the words mean “drawing with light.” The advancement was being made in photography with a number of inventions and discoveries taken place in this area. Inside the modern globe, several new innovative and state-of-art features have been introduced inside camera. These innovative characteristics result in improving the high quality of picture-making.

Uses and Functions:

The picture-making is used in all forms and approaches to promote the image from the organization. It might be utilised inside field of science and technology. Within the industry of science, astronomers typically require photographing essential pics for the purpose of observation. A good photographer can picture images in such a way to ensure that they appear self-explanatory. The pictures are also utilised in the area of astronomy to unravel the secrets with the universe and the existence of mankind. Archeologists ought to have understanding on the methods of picture-making for unearthing the secrets of earth in an emphatic and impressive manner. The entertainment and film industry are the ones that need camera and understanding of video-making strategies.

These methods are useful in doing pics, videos or films. In this industry, you use the camera for the objective of portrait picture-making. With the state-of-the-art technology, you’ll be able to even create visual effects either in nevertheless pictures or moving photos. The superior chroma key effects are employed by the photographers to superimpose the background with the subject by any other desirable image. In this way, you are able to transform the globe of imagination into a reality. Broadcast news stations generally need a visually appealing screen behind the news anchor. It can be possible with the visual effects. These are among numerous other uses of video-making.

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Make no mistake, electronic photography is here, it is big, and it’s the way things will be from now on. Individuals use digital photography in their work each and every day:- police officers, real estate agents, insurance agents, fire fighters, scientists and doctors, just to name a couple of.

Electronic photography has come a lengthy way in a few years. Electronic photography, as opposed to film photography, uses electronic devices to record and capture the image as binary data. Digital photography has also been adopted by a lot of amateur snapshot photographers, who take benefit in the convenience with the form when sending images by email, placing them on the World Wide Web, or displaying them in electronic picture frames.

Digital photography was applied in astronomy prolonged before its use by the general public and had almost entirely displaced photographic plates by the early 1980s. Electronic photography enables you to experiment with the camera settings, various styles of images may be tried out, learn t from and strategies improved all without the expense of film processing.

Some other devices, for instance mobile phones, now contain electronic photography features. With the acceptable image top quality as well as the other benefits of digital photography (particularly the time pressures of vital importance to daily newspapers) the majority of professional news photographers have begun capturing their images with digital cameras.

Other commercial photographers, and quite a few amateurs, have enthusiastically embraced electronic photography simply because they believe that its flexibility and lower long-term costs outweigh its initial price disadvantages. Almost all in the cost of digital photography is capital charge, meaning that the cost is for the equipment needed to store and copy the images, and once purchased requires virtually no further expense outlay.

The biggest benefit of electronic photography over conventional film consist of: Instant review of pictures, with no wait for the film to be developed: if there’s a dilemma with a picture, the photographer can immediately correct the problem and take another picture.

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This was my first attempt at Astrophotography, hope you like it!!!

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